The vertical machining center is a fully functional CNC machine tool. It integrates milling, drilling, drilling, tapping and thread cutting, and has a variety of technological means. Compared with ordinary machine tools, the vertical machining center has many significant technological characteristics.
1. High processing precision
In the vertical machining center, the process is highly concentrated. Most or even all of the surfaces on the part can be machined with one clamping, avoiding the clamping error caused by multiple clamping of the workpiece. Therefore, high mutual position accuracy can be obtained between the machined surfaces. At the same time, vertical machining centers mostly use the position compensation function of semi closed loop or even full closed loop, which has higher positioning accuracy and repeated positioning accuracy. The dimensional errors generated in the processing can be compensated in time. Compared with ordinary machine tools, they can obtain higher dimensional accuracy.
2. Stable accuracy
The whole processing process is automatically controlled by the program, which is not affected by the operator's human factors. At the same time, there is no cam, profiling and other hardware, which saves the error caused by wear during manufacturing and use. In addition, the position compensation function of the machine tool and the high positioning accuracy and repeated positioning accuracy make the size of the processed parts consistent.
3. High efficiency
One clamping can complete the processing of more surfaces, reducing the auxiliary time required for multiple clamping of workpieces. At the same time, the turnover times and transportation workload of workpieces between machine tools and between workshops are reduced.
4. Good surface quality
The spindle speed and feed rate of each axis of the vertical machining center are stepless speed regulation, and some even have the adaptive control function, which can adjust the cutting parameters to numerical values with the change of tool and workpiece materials and tool parameters, thus improving the quality of each machined surface.
5. Strong software adaptability
The processing content, cutting parameters and process parameters of each process of parts can be programmed and can be modified at any time, which provides convenience for the trial production of new products and the implementation of new process flow and test.
However, compared with machining on ordinary machine tools, machining on vertical machining centers also has some shortcomings. For example, the tool should have higher strength, hardness and wear resistance; When cantilever cutting holes, there is no auxiliary support, and the tool should have good rigidity; In the process of processing, chips are easy to accumulate and will wind on the workpiece and tool, affecting the smooth processing, so chip breaking measures and timely cleaning of chips are required; One time clamping completes the processing from blank to finished product, without aging process, and it is difficult to eliminate the internal stress of the workpiece; The requirements for use and maintenance management are high, and the operators are required to have high technical level; The price of vertical machining centers is generally in the range of several hundred thousand yuan to several million yuan. The one-time investment is large, and the processing cost of parts is high.
